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Beaufort Scale to Knots

Look up the wind speed range in knots for each Beaufort force number. The quick reference every sailor and wind sport rider needs.

Bft
kn

Beaufort Scale Reference

Beaufort Force (Bft)Knots (kn)Sea Conditions
0< 1Calm — mirror-flat water
11–3Light air — ripples, no crests
24–6Light breeze — small wavelets
37–10Gentle breeze — large wavelets, some whitecaps
411–16Moderate breeze — small waves, frequent whitecaps
517–21Fresh breeze — moderate waves, many whitecaps, some spray
622–27Strong breeze — large waves, whitecaps everywhere, spray
728–33Near gale — sea heaps up, foam streaks
834–40Gale — moderately high waves, crests break into spindrift
941–47Strong gale — high waves, dense foam streaks, spray reduces visibility
1048–55Storm — very high waves, surface mostly white
1156–63Violent storm — exceptionally high waves
1264+Hurricane force — air filled with foam and spray

How it works

The Beaufort Scale maps wind force numbers (0–12) to specific wind speed ranges and observable sea conditions. Force 0 is calm (under 1 knot). Force 3 (7–10 knots) shows gentle breeze with small wavelets.

Force 4 (11–16 knots) is where most kitesurfers can start riding. Force 5 (17–21 knots) is fresh breeze with moderate waves — ideal for experienced riders. Force 6 (22–27 knots) is strong breeze — small craft advisory territory.

Force 7+ (28+ knots) is gale territory where only expert riders should be on the water. Many older weather stations and some European forecasts still report wind in Beaufort, so knowing the conversion is essential.

When you need this

  • Interpreting forecasts that use Beaufort instead of knots
  • Quickly estimating wind speed from sea conditions
  • Deciding whether conditions are suitable for your skill level
  • Understanding historical weather records in Beaufort

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